Summary: the II World War brought the end of the Nazi occupation while the Red Army carried the start of a brand new dictatorship.
It was in the 10th of May for 1945 that Czechoslovakia had been set free form the German and its government returned to Prague. Gottwald had proclaimed the county freed by Stalin and his great Red Army. It was an attempted to a real democratic, truly happy life in free by the Czech people. It was a big commemoration, the streets were decorated with pictures of Benes and Stalin and some people started to understand what would come next. Pro-western groups hopping for liberation by the Americans were deeply disappointed. The Košice government (pro-Soviet provisional government who induct socialist programs) was already able to consolidate their positions in the post-war period, and power of the Russians over this government was more then obvious. However the Czech brigade was forbidden to enter the Russian territory, this was a clear attempted to keep an armed force linked with the West away from the center of power, and symbol of what was to come. Beneš made his first speech on his free county thanking the work of the allies in the final victory. The Red Army claimed the credit for saving Prague. In all the newspapers form the time it was given the impression that Czech appeals had been heard only in Moscow and that the Red Army overcome great physical and military obstacles to reach Prague on time. And soon this became the official version. The History had been changed by the Russians. In July of 1945 it was already believed that Eisenhower had made a mistake and that Czech people had been waiting for liberation from the West. Although these decisions were made in a context of testing of the atomic bomb, the Americans believed that they need Soviet Participation in the war against Japan to keep down their own causalities in Asia.
Motivated by the recollections of the atrocities of the Nazi occupation, a military and revolutionary action expelled over a million of Germans from Czechoslovakia. The empty villages in the Sudetenland, the abandoned apartments in Prague and elsewhere were taken over by Czech. After the war there was not justice and not tribunals working normally, people wanted to find out the guilty, the collaborators and judge them in the public to give the crowd the satisfaction. Others felt guilty and committed suicide, like the Minister of Education and Propaganda although Hácha for example, never faced judgment.
In the elections of May 1946, the KSC won a plurality of 38 percent of the vote. Beneš continued as president of the republic, and Jan Masaryk, son of the honored founding father, persisted as foreign minister. Gottwald was made prime minister. Nevertheless the communists held only a minority of portfolios, they were able to detain control over such key ministries as information, internal trade, finance, and interior, including the police. In-between these ministries, the communists were able to restrain noncommunist opposition, place party members in positions of power, generating a solid basis for a takeover attempt. Although the noncommunist’s ministers resigned demanding new elections because they new the communist were losing the support of the electors. Beneš didn’t call for new elections but by this time the communists had powers over the Ministry of Information, Ministry of Interior whish controlled the militia and the police).
Beneš, who feared the Soviet intervention, give up. Gottwald was in command already choosing the ministers and any high position in the government, like this the communist takeover was completed.